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Understanding Rosacea: Causes, Symptoms, Types & Treatment
Table of Contents
Definition: #
- A chronic skin condition causing redness and inflammation on the face. Primarily affects central areas (cheeks, nose, forehead) but can also appear on the neck, ears, scalp, and chest.
Causes: #
- Exact cause unknown, but likely a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
- Genetics: Family history increases risk.
- Immune System: Overactive immune response to triggers (mites, bacteria)
- Blood Vessels: Abnormalities in facial blood vessels cause dilation & visibility
- Environmental Triggers: Sun exposure, extreme temperatures, wind, alcohol, spicy foods, stress, certain medications
Symptoms: #
- Vary based on type & severity. Common ones include:
- Facial redness & flushing
- Visible blood vessels (spider veins)
- Small bumps & pimples (no blackheads)
- Burning or stinging sensation
- Dryness & scaling
- Eye problems (ocular rosacea)
- Enlarged nose (rhinophyma, severe cases, mainly men)
Types: #
- 1. Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea (ETR): Persistent redness, visible blood vessels, flushing, burning
- 2. Papulopustular Rosacea: Red bumps, some with pus, on cheeks & chin
- 3. Phymatous Rosacea: Thickened skin, mainly on the nose (more common in men)
- 4. Ocular Rosacea: Eye redness, irritation, dryness, burning, grittiness
Treatment: #
- Goal: Manage symptoms & prevent flare-ups (no cure)
- Personalized treatment is key
- Options:
- Topical medications (antibiotics, azelaic acid, brimonidine, ivermectin)
- Oral medications (antibiotics, isotretinoin for severe cases)
- Laser therapy (IPL, pulsed dye laser)
- Other procedures (electrocautery, dermabrasion, rhinoplasty for severe rhinophyma)
- Lifestyle changes (sun protection, trigger avoidance, gentle skincare, stress management)
Key Takeaway: #
- Rosacea is manageable with proper treatment & lifestyle adjustments. Consult a dermatologist for diagnosis & personalized treatment plan.