Healthy hair reflects a healthy scalp and good care habits. Problems like dandruff, head lice and hair fall can undermine both, but the right medicated products and routine keep hair strong and comfortable. Here is how to tackle the most common scalp and hair concerns.

Common hair and scalp issues

Seborrhoeic dermatitis and dandruff

Dandruff, often linked to seborrhoeic dermatitis, shows as flaky, itchy skin on the scalp, from mild dryness to inflammation. It responds best to gentle, sulfate-free medicated shampoos that treat the scalp without causing further dryness.

Head lice

Lice cause intense itching, visible nits near the scalp and live lice in the hair. Early detection limits spread and irritation.

Hair fall

Hair fall can stem from genetics, hormonal changes, stress, poor nutrition, harsh products or excessive heat styling. Identifying the cause is key to effective treatment.

Treating dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis

Ketoconazole-based lotion shampoos target the fungus behind dandruff, reducing flaking, itching and redness with regular use while a sulfate-free base protects the hair. Formulas with zinc pyrithione and piroctone olamine offer advanced relief, soothing the scalp and controlling oil. Browse anti-dandruff options and broader scalp care for itchy, flaky scalps.

To use medicated shampoos well: apply to wet hair focusing on the scalp, massage gently for 2-3 minutes, and use 2-3 times a week or as a dermatologist directs.

Head lice treatment

An ivermectin-based lotion (Ivermite 0.5%) paralyses and kills lice, including resistant strains, often in a single treatment.

• Apply to dry hair, ensuring full scalp coverage.
• Leave on for the recommended time, then wash thoroughly.
• Comb out dead lice and nits with a fine-tooth comb.

To prevent reinfestation, wash bedding, clothing and hair accessories in hot water, avoid sharing combs and brushes, and check family members regularly.

Reducing hair fall

Shampoos formulated with biotin, collagen and vitamin B5 help strengthen hair, reduce breakage and support growth, nourishing the scalp and easing damage from heat styling. Use regularly, massage into the scalp and leave for a few minutes before rinsing, and pair with a balanced diet for the best results. For dry, damaged lengths, choose products made for frizzy, dry and damaged hair.

Extra hair-fall prevention tips

• Eat a protein-rich diet with vitamins A, B and D.
• Limit heat styling and chemical treatments that cause damage and split ends.
• Massage the scalp with hair oils like coconut or castor oil to improve circulation.

Everyday hair care tips

• Eat well: include foods rich in omega-3, zinc and iron.
• Keep the scalp clean: wash 2-3 times a week to remove oil and buildup; dry shampoo helps between washes.
• Match products to your hair type: hydrating for dry hair, clarifying for oily scalp, medicated for dandruff. The AAD has helpful guidance.
• Protect from heat: always apply a heat protectant before flat irons or curling wands.

FAQs

Can I use medicated shampoos daily?
They are best used 2-3 times a week unless your dermatologist advises otherwise.

How soon will I see results?
Improvements often appear within 2-4 weeks; persistent conditions may take longer.

Are these products safe for all hair types?
Most are suitable for all hair types, including colour-treated hair. Always patch test first.

With consistent care and the right products for dandruff, lice and hair fall, you can keep your scalp and hair healthy. If problems persist, consult a dermatologist. Shop hair care in Pakistan at Derma.pk.